Titre
Nodige en tydige waarschouwing tegens de gemeenschap aan Sodoms grouwelyke zonde en vreeselyke straffe, op den plegtigen dank- vast- en bededag van den 28. Febr. 1731. Afgeleid en voorgesteld uit Jes. 1:vs. 9. vergel. met Ezech. 16:vs. 49, 50.
Auteur
1730. ROYAARDS, Albertus
Éditeur
Prix
€ 950,00(Excl. toute livraison)
Plus d'informations
Nijmegen, Wilhelmus Bongaards, 1731. Rebound in vellum-backed marbled boards. (8), 74 p. 1st edition. Paper (water)stained. With a handwritten leaf mentioning various owners of the book with the years 1860 and 1893. And a handwritten index of Bible texts. 'Necessary and timely warning against the community of Sodom's heinous sin and dreadful punishment, on the solemn Day of Thanksgiving, fasting and prayer of February 28, 1731. Derived and presented from Isaiah 1:vs. 9. compared with Ezekiel 16:vs. 49, 50.' Extensive exposition of the sin of Sodom and what it consisted of - unnatural lust was only one of its many aspects, arrogance and lack of compassion being just as important. According to Royaards, lustful excess led to lascivious and indecent behavior, and in the end men could only resort to sodomy as the last way to find satisfaction. In the early 18th century, homosexuality was widely regarded as a 'crimen nefandum' (a crime not to be spoken of). Silence was a strategy to prevent the spread of sodomy. Therefore, many Dutch were unaware of the existence of homosexuality in the early 18th century, and men preferring sex with men didn't recognize the danger. They might feel attraction or even love for other men, not realizing their proclivities were considered a mortal sin by some. And that with some reason, because an epidemy of shipworm plagued Holland as a seafaring nation. How could this be interpreted otherwise than as God's punishment for man's sin? Royaards felt compelled to speak out against sexual deviancy to counteract the recent sodomy spree, as he saw it. He compares Dutch society to Sodom and Gomorra and warns for divine retribution. Apparently he wasn't alone in his thoughts: in 1730-31 the Dutch Republic saw a steep increase in the persecution of sodomy, beginning with the infamous Utrecht Sodomy Trials, which would eventually lead to the trial of some 250-300 men, often resulting in execution, typically by strangulation. No other European country persecuted homosexuals with such vehemence.
Fokas Holthuis
Den Haag 
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